Pakistan Social And Living Standards Measurement

Brief on PSLM Survey

PSLM Survey is a regular activity of PBS since 1^st July 2015, earlier it was PSDP funded project started in July 2004 and continued up to 30^th June 2015. It was designed to provide Social & Economic indicators in the alternate years at provincial and district levels. The data generated through surveys was used to assist the government in formulating the poverty reduction strategy as well as development plans at district level for the rapid assessment of programs in the overall context of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). As such this survey was one of the main mechanisms for the monitoring of MDGs indicator as out of 16 targets and 37 indicators adopted by Pakistan, 6 targets and 15 indicators were monitored through PSLM Surveys, which were conducted at district level and at Provincial level respectively at alternate years.

PSLM District level survey collected information on key Social indicators which is the main source of estimation of Multi-Dimensional Poverty, whereas provincial level surveys (Social & HIES) collected information on social indicators as well as on Income and Consumption. HIES data is used by Planning Commission for estimation of consumption based Poverty.

The sample size of PSLM surveys district level was approximately 80000 households and approximately 26000 at Provincial level. Ten Surveys (District/Provincial were conducted during PSLM Project w.e.f. 2004 to June, 2015 and reports are published and micro data sets along with reports are also placed at PBS Website.

PSLM and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

UN has adopted new development plan for post 2015 monitoring called Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Under SDGs there are 17 goals, 169 targets and 232 indicators. The agenda of SDGs is very comprehensive and it is designed in such a way that they are addressing the individuals rather than the households so that benefits can reach up to individual level. There are Global goals, regional and sub-regional goals to address the issues. United Nations Statistics Division has assigned the task of monitoring & reporting of SDGs to the National Statistical organizations globally, therefore Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) is the central Statistical organization for monitoring of SDGs with the network of 34 regional /field offices all over Pakistan.

As PSLM questionnaire was not changed during the life of project, therefore, keeping in view the changed ground realities & adoption of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Technical Committee was constituted to review both questionnaires of PSLM (District & Provincial Level). Four sub-committees were formed on

Poverty Labour & Employment
Education
Health
Housing Water & Sanitation

In the light of the recommendations of the sub-committees questionnaires have been amended and then approved by the main technical committee, the following modules were added: -

Provincial Level	SDGs Reference Indicator	District Level	SDGs Reference Indicator
Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)	2.1.2	Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES)	2.1.2
Information Communication Technology (ICT)	4.4.1, 5.b.1 and 17.8.1	Information Communication Technology (ICT)	4.4.1, 5.b.1 and 17.8.1
Unmet Need of Family Planning	3.7.1	Assets	4.5.1 and 5.a.1(a)
Food away from home	-
Water Availability and Hygiene	6.2.1	Water Availability and Hygiene	6.2.1
Malaria, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis	3.3.3,3.2 and 3.3.4	Disability (Functional Limitation)

Besides these modules certain questions were also added in different modules to cover SDGs indicators through PSLM/HIES Survey

PSLM Surveys instrumental in monitoring of SDGs. It is worth mentioning here that, after detail work on mapping of SDGs it is found that 31 indicators of SDGs will be monitored through PSLM Surveys.

PBS has also chalked down the series of surveys till the completion of SDGs i.e.2030.

YEAR	SURVEY NAME	DESCRIPTION	LEVEL
2018-19	PSLM (Social)/ Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES)	The activities of PSLM (Social)/HIES 2018-19 has been completed. Key Finding Report, Social Report, and HIES Report along with microdata have been released and is available on website.	Provincial Level
2019-20	Pakistan Social & Living Standard Measurement Survey (PSLM)	PSLM Survey (2019-20) is one of the biggest surveys of Pakistan covering 6500 blocks comprising of 195000 households, PSLM survey is first household survey of PBS for which data has been collected electronically through tablets under “ Digital Transformation” with added modules "Migration, Disability, Information Communication Technology (ICT) , Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), Selected Durable Item owned by the household, Water Sanitation, and Hygiene, Solid Waste Management" including previous modules of Education, Employment, Health Pre and post-natal care, Benefits from services and facilities.	District Level
2024-25	PSLM (Social)/ Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES)	The first-ever digital Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) 2024-25 is being launched on quarterly basis, marking of milestone for paradigm shift from manual to electronic data collection. Following the directions of the Chief Statistician, PBS, currently field operation for the 9th round of HIES survey is underway. Key activities are progressing smoothly, with efforts focused on completing the survey successfully and within the timeline. Highlights of HIES 2024-25: Review and updating of HIES 2024-25 Questionnaire: Reviewed with input from Technical Committee comprising private & public sector stakeholders, academia, and organizations. Updated ICT, Housing & Employment modules to align with international Telecommunication Union (ITU) Manual. Focused on ICT access and usage by household and individuals. Focused on e-commerce measurement at household level on the use of Internet for purchases rather than sales transition. Field Staff Training: A Comprehensive 3-day training program was held in multiple cities to prepare field staff for the digital data collection. For training details click here. Field Operation: Field operation has been started on 2nd October, 2024 for collecting of quarterly data across country through HIES 2024-25 Android devices by engaging field staff of Regional Offices of PBS.	Provincial Level
The same pattern will be repeated till 2030

Main Indicators

Indicators on Demographic characteristics, Education, Health, Employment, Household Assets, Household Amenities, Population Welfare and Water Supply & Sanitation are developed at National/Provincial /District levels.

Data Newly Released:-

PSLM/HIES National/Provincial Level microdata for the year 2018-19 has been released and available on the website.
HIES/HIICS National/Provincial Level microdata for the year 2015-16 has been released and available on the website.
MicroData of all rounds of PSLM from 2004-05 to 2014-15 is now available on the website of PBS on https://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/microdata
MicroData of Pakistan Integrated Household Survey (PIHS) 1998-99, 2001-02 is also available on the website of PBS on https://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/microdata.

Publications

LIST OF INDICATORS DEVELOPED BY PSLM SURVEY

S.NO	INDICATORS	FREQUENCY
1	Average household Size	Yearly

	EDUCATION
1	Population that has ever attended school	Yearly
2	Population that has completed primary level or higher	Yearly
3	Gross Enrolment rate at Primary, Middle and Matric Levels	Yearly
4	Net Enrolment rate at Primary, Middle and Matric Levels	Yearly
5	Gross Enrolment rate for Government primary Schools(Excluding Katchi class)	Yearly
6	Net Enrolment rate for Government primary Schools(Excluding Katchi class)	Yearly
7	Primary level Enrolment in government schools as percentage of total primary enrolment	Yearly
8	Enrolment in Government Schools as a percentage of total enrolment at primary level	Alternate year(P)
9	Percentage of children 10-18 years old that left school before completing Primary level	Alternate year(P)
10	Drop-out rates for the cohort aged 15-19 years	Alternate year(P)
11	Primary level enrolment in Private schools	Alternate year(P)
12	Reasons for leaving school before completing primary level (10-18 years)	Alternate year(P)
13	Reasons for never attending schools (10-18 years)	Alternate year(P)
14	Literacy level –Population 10 years and older	Yearly
15	Adult Literacy level – Population 15 years and older	Yearly

	HEALTH
1	Percentage of children aged 12-23 months that have been immunized	Yearly
2	Percentage of children aged 12-23 months that have been immunized by type of Antigen – Based on Record	Yearly
3	Percentage of children aged 12-23 months that have been immunized by type of Antigen – Based on Record and recall	Yearly
4	Children under 5 suffering from diarrhea in past 30 days	Yearly
5	Treatment of diarrhea in children under 5 years	Yearly
6	Type of practitioner consulted for diarrhea treatment	Yearly
7	Infant Mortality rate	Alternate year(P)
8	Pregnant women that have received TetnusToxoid injections	Yearly
9	Prenatal consultations	Yearly
10	Child delivery – Location and Type of Assistance
11	Postnatal consultations	Yearly

	POPULATION WELFARE
1	Percentage of women aged 15-49 years ever married	Alternate year(P)
2	Mean number of children ever born to women aged 15 -49 years	Alternate year(P)
3	Mean number of children ever born to ever married women aged 15 -49 years	Alternate year(P)
4	Age Specific and Total Fertility Rates – women aged 15-49 years	Alternate year(P)
5	Awareness and use of Family Planning methods	Alternate year(P)
6	Women currently using Family Planning -CPR	Alternate year(P)
7	Commonly known methods of Family Planning	Alternate year(P)
8	Reasons for never practicing Family Planning	Alternate year(P)
9	Type of family Planning method currently being used	Alternate year(P)
10	Sources of family Planning methods	Alternate year(P)
11	Attitude towards Family planning methods	Alternate year(P)

	HOUSING,WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
1	Main source of Drinking Water	Yearly
2	Percentage of households paying for water	Alternate year(P)
3	Who installed the water Delivery system	Alternate year(P)
4	Distance to water source	Alternate year(P)
5	Type of Toilet used by the households	Yearly
6	Type of Sanitation system used	Alternate year(P)
7	Percentage Distribution of households by housing tenure	Alternate year(D)
8	Percentage Distribution of households by material used for roof	Alternate year(D)
9	Percentage Distribution of households by material used for walls	Alternate year(D)
10	Percentage Distribution of households by number of rooms	Alternate year(D)
11	Percentage Distribution of households by Fuel used for Lighting	Alternate year(D)
12	Percentage Distribution of households by Fuel used for cooking	Alternate year(D)

	PERCEPTION OF ECONOMIC SITUATION
1	Percentage distribution of households by Perception of their Economic situation compared to the year before	Alternate year(D)
2	Percentage distribution of households by Perception of their Economic situation of the community compared to the year before	Alternate year(D)
3	Percentage Distribution of household satisfaction by Facilities and service use	Alternate year(D)

	Household Integrated Economic Survey
1	Average Household size and its composition by sex and quintiles	Alternate year(P)
2	Average number of earners per household	Alternate year(P)
3	Average monthly household consumption expenditure	Alternate year(P)
4	Average monthly household Income	Alternate year(P)
5	Percentages of monthly household income shares by source and areas	Alternate year(P)
6	Percentage of monthly consumption expenditure by Commodity groups	Alternate year(P)
7	Percentage of monthly expenditure on 17 major food items	Alternate year(P)
8	Percentage distribution of employed persons by industry divisions ,employment status,sex and area	Alternate year(P)
9	Percentage distribution of employed persons by occupation Groups, Employment status,sex and area Type of family Planning method currently being used	Alternate year(P)
10	Sources of monthly household Receipts(other than income) by quintiles	Alternate year(P)
11	Percentage distribution of monthly income by type of employed persons	Alternate year(P)

* P for provincial, D for district level survey